Abstract
Objective Indomethacin tocolysis is generally limited to 48 hours. Indomethacin has been administered
for longer durations to prolong gestation in extreme prematurity. Our aim is to compare
perinatal outcomes after a prolonged course, > 48 hours versus ≤ 48 hours in preterm
labor.
Methods A retrospective chart review of women admitted with preterm labor < 32 weeks gestation
who received indomethacin for tocolysis. The primary maternal outcome was latency
from admission until delivery. The primary neonatal outcome was a composite of severe
neonatal morbidities.
Results A total of 73 women were included: 32 (43.8%) received indomethacin for > 48 hours
(prolonged) and 41 (56.2%) for ≤ 48 hours (standard). Prolonged group started on indomethacin
at an earlier gestational age compared with standard group (23.9 [23.1–27.3] vs. 25.7
[23.8–28.5] weeks, p = 0.03). Latency from admission until delivery was longer in the prolonged group
versus the standard group (1.8 [1.1–3] vs. 0.4 [0.1–0.8] weeks, p < 0.001). Prolonged use was not associated with increased risk of the composite neonatal
outcome; however, there was a trend for more necrotizing enterocolitis.
Conclusion A prolonged course of indomethacin may be an option for women with preterm labor
at risk of extreme prematurity; it may also be associated with higher risks of some
adverse neonatal outcomes.
Keywords
preterm labor - indomethacin - tocolysis - neonatal outcomes - necrotizing enterocolitis
